Idgham Mutajanisayn
إدغام متجانسين
Two letters, one place
Lesson 9.2 · Module 9 · When two letters meet
Idgham Mutajanisayn (إدغام متجانسين): a letter with no vowel, then a letter from the same place in the mouth: the first merges into the second. First letter with no vowel: among ت, د and ط; among ث, ذ and ظ; or from ب into م. A ṭā before a tā keeps its heaviness: the merger there is incomplete.
What does Idgham Mutajanisayn mean?
Idgham Mutajanisayn (إدغام متجانسين): two letters, one place
Two letters that share the same point of articulation but differ in their characteristics merge, in Hafs, in the cases marked with a shaddah, such as taa into daal (ت→د) or taa into the emphatic taa (ت→ط).
Idgham Mutajanisayn: the letter pairs
First letter with no vowel: among ت, د and ط; among ث, ذ and ظ; or from ب into م. A ṭā before a tā keeps its heaviness: the merger there is incomplete.
| The two letters | Name | In the Quran |
|---|---|---|
| د ت | dāl then tā | 45 |
| ت د | tā then dāl | 2 |
| ت ط | tā then ṭā | 7 |
| ذ ظ | dhāl then ẓā | 2 |
| ث ذ | thā then dhāl | 1 |
| ب م | bā then mīm | 1 |
How to pronounce Idgham Mutajanisayn
Do not separate the two letters: the mouth sets once, then releases on the second.
- The gesture
- Do not say the first letter: say the second, doubled. Only ṭā before tā keeps its heaviness, without a bounce.
- Avoid
- Do not separate the two letters or add a pause between them. The first should not be heard as a complete letter.
- The condition
- The first letter must have no vowel and the second must be vowelled, with the same articulation point but different qualities.
12 examples of Idgham Mutajanisayn in the Quran
Short surahs first. Tap ▶ to hear Idgham Mutajanisayn in its verse, recited by al-Husary.
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عَبَدتُّمْ
ʿabattum
The dāl merges into the tā, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled tā is said.
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فَـَٔامَنَت طَّآئِفَةٌ
fa'āmanaṭṭā'ifatum
The tā merges into the ṭā, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled ṭā is said.
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إِذ ظَّلَمْتُمْ
'iẓẓalamtum
The dhāl merges into the ẓā, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled ẓā is said.
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أُجِيبَت دَّعْوَتُكُمَا
'ujībaddaʿwatukumā
The tā merges into the dāl, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled dāl is said.
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ٱرْكَب مَّعَنَا
rkammaʿanā
The bā merges into the mīm, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled mīm is said, with the nasal sound held for two counts.
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وَقَد تَّعْلَمُونَ
waqattaʿlamūna
The dāl merges into the tā, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled tā is said.
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وَوَعَدتُّكُمْ
wawaʿattukum
The dāl merges into the tā, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled tā is said.
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شَهِدتُّمْ
shahittum
The dāl merges into the tā, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled tā is said.
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وَلَقَد تَّرَكْنَـٰهَآ
walaqattaraknāhā
The dāl merges into the tā, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled tā is said.
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وَمَهَّدتُّ
wamahhattu
The dāl merges into the tā, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled tā is said.
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وَلَقَد تَّرَكْنَا
walaqattaraknā
The dāl merges into the tā, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled tā is said.
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وَقَد تَّبَيَّنَ
waqattabayyana
The dāl merges into the tā, a letter from the same point of articulation: a doubled tā is said.
Idgham Mutajanisayn: common mistakes
What is often heard, and how to fix it. The ▶ plays the right model, recited by al-Husary.
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Letting the first letter be heard (the “d” before the “t”): it merges into the second, which is doubled.
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Bouncing the د or the ب before the letter it merges into: the qalqalah drops; the letter disappears into the next one.
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Merging the ط completely into the ت: its heaviness stays; the merging is incomplete, with no bounce.
Idgham Mutajanisayn and neighbouring rules
| Rule | When | What happens |
|---|---|---|
| Idgham Mutajanisayn | First letter with no vowel: among ت, د and ط; among ث, ذ and ظ; or from ب into م. A ṭā before a tā keeps its heaviness: the merger there is incomplete. | A letter with no vowel, then a letter from the same place in the mouth: the first merges into the second. |
| Idgham Mutaqaribayn | In Hafs, two cases: a lām with no vowel before a rā, and the qāf before the kāf (77:20). The Mushaf shows them: no sukoon on the first letter, a shaddah on the second. Except in 83:14, where a short pause (sakt) prevents the merger. | A letter with no vowel, then a letter from a neighbouring place: the first merges into the second. |
| Idgham Shafawi | When a mīm with no vowel is followed by another mīm. | A mīm with no vowel, then another mīm: they become one doubled mīm, with a nasal sound of two counts. |
| Qalqalah | When qāf, ṭā, bā, jīm or dāl (ق ط ب ج د) has no vowel, or when you stop on it at the end of a word. | With no vowel, five letters do not stay blocked: they give a clear bounce. |
By ear: two words that sound alike
Two words that sound alike: one is read with Idgham Mutajanisayn, the other with Qalqalah. Listen for the difference.
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أَرَدتُّمُ
'arattumu
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أَجَبْتُمُ
'ajabtumu
What I show you when you recite
Your turn: which rule?
By eye
The highlighted letters carry a rule. Which one?
- Al-Ahzab 33:13
قَالَت طَّآئِفَةٌ
qālaṭṭā'ifatum
- Al-Qasas 28:85
قُل رَّبِّىٓ
qurrabbī
- Al-Anfal 8:42
تَوَاعَدتُّمْ
tawāʿattum
- Quraysh 106:4
أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن
'aṭʿamahummin
By ear
Listen, then choose the rule you hear. The word appears after you answer.
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عَـٰهَدتَّ
ʿāhatta
Al-Anfal 8:56 -
بِٱلصَّبْرِ
biṣ-ṣabr
Al-'Asr 103:3 -
وَعَدتَّهُمْ
waʿattahum
Ghafir 40:8
Idgham Mutajanisayn in numbers
58times in the Quran
29surahs
| Surah | Verses | Idgham Mutajanisayn |
|---|---|---|
| 61. As-Saf | 14 | 3 |
| 109. Al-Kafirun | 6 | 1 |
Counted on the text of the Madani Mushaf (Hafs reading).
Frequently asked questions
What is Idgham Mutajanisayn in tajweed?
Two letters made at the same place. The first, with no vowel, merges into the second in the pairs listed on this page; elsewhere, each is said.
When does Idgham Mutajanisayn apply?
First letter with no vowel: among ت, د and ط; among ث, ذ and ظ; or from ب into م. A ṭā before a tā keeps its heaviness: the merger there is incomplete. The first letter must have no vowel and the second must be vowelled, with the same articulation point but different qualities.
How many times does Idgham Mutajanisayn occur in the Quran?
58 times, in 29 surahs, according to the text of the Madani Mushaf (Hafs reading). Among the surahs of 20 verses or fewer, As-Saf has the most: 3 in 14 verses.
Idgham Mutajanisayn or Idgham Mutaqaribayn: what is the difference?
Idgham Mutajanisayn: a letter with no vowel, then a letter from the same place in the mouth: the first merges into the second. Idgham Mutaqaribayn: a letter with no vowel, then a letter from a neighbouring place: the first merges into the second.
Idgham Mutajanisayn: how do I know I apply it correctly?
A rule is learned by ear: recite a surah out loud in the Tilawa app, which follows your recitation word by word and shows you where Idgham Mutajanisayn was missed or done wrong, with the word to replay in its verse.
Tilawa editorial team · Updated 2026-10-24 · Report an error